Interkingdom Signaling between Bacillus subtilis and Sporisorium scitamineum: Exploiting the Ecological Role of Natural Product as Novel Biocontrol Agents

Global food security and sustainable agriculture challenges demand innovative crop protection approaches. This project investigates interkingdom signaling between beneficial bacteria (Bacillus subtilis species complex) and a fungal pathogen (Sporisorium scitamineum) causing sugarcane smut disease. While bacterial lipopeptides are known for their antimicrobial properties, their potential as signaling molecules at sub-inhibitory concentrations remains unexplored for basidiomycete plant pathogens. This research aims to unravel how lipopeptides (iturin A, fengycins, and surfactins) impact S. scitamineum's growth, morphology, mating, and virulence in sugarcane. I will characterize lipopeptide effects at various concentrations, investigate their impact on fungal virulence, elucidate underlying molecular mechanisms, and explore their ecological relevance in soil and on plant surfaces. Using advanced techniques like High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry, RNA-seq, and High-resolution Desorption Electrospray Ionization, I'll reframe traditionally viewed antimicrobial compounds as potential signaling molecules. The project includes greenhouse trials at the Netherlands Institute of Ecology, enhancing its translational aspect. This Marie Skłodowska-Curie Action program at Leiden University, supervised by Prof. Ákos T. Kovács, will advance scientific knowledge and provide comprehensive training in research techniques, project management, and science communication. The project's interdisciplinary nature, combining microbiology, biochemistry, and agricultural science, will foster new collaborations and enhance career prospects.By bridging fundamental research with practical applications, this project may revolutionize our understanding of microbial ecology in agricultural systems. The findings could lead to novel, eco-friendly biocontrol strategies, contributing to sustainable agriculture and global food security.